Tuberculosis (TB) is a major contributor to disease burden globally. Congenital tuberculosis is a life-threatening disease in neonates with higher mortality rate. Perinatal transmission of infection occurs in utero or during delivery. It is difficult to differentiate congenital infection from postnatal. Cantwell criteria is used for the diagnosis of congenital infection. As symptoms are nonspecific congenital tuberculosis has to be actively considered as a possibility to diagnose it. Isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis organism either in culture or acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear is very essential for the diagnosis. After the diagnosis of congenital tuberculosis treatment has to be initiated without delay. Breastfeeding should be encouraged among mothers on treatment for latent tuberculosis and after two weeks of treatment for active TB.
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