Pediatric Infectious Disease

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2020 | July-September | Volume 2 | Issue 3

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EDITORIAL

Dr Vijay N Yewale, Dr Bhaskar Shenoy

Editorial

[Year:2020] [Month:July-September] [Volume:2] [Number:3] [Pages:1] [Pages No:00 - 00]

   DOI: 10.5005/pid-2-3-iv  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

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Chairman's Page

Jaydeep Choudhury

Chairman's Page

[Year:2020] [Month:July-September] [Volume:2] [Number:3] [Pages:1] [Pages No:00 - 00]

   DOI: 10.5005/pid-2-3-v  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

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Original Article

Sunil Bhat, Sohini Chakraborty, Pooja Mallya, Shobha Badiger, Prathip Kumar

Clinical Experience of Granulocyte Transfusion Therapy in Pediatric Patients for Management of Neutropenia-related Infections in a Tertiary Care Center in India

[Year:2020] [Month:July-September] [Volume:2] [Number:3] [Pages:4] [Pages No:85 - 88]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10081-1262  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Introduction: In neutropenic patients bacterial and fungal infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in hematological malignancies and post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We present here a single institution experience with the use of granulocyte transfusions in children with severe neutropenic sepsis. Material and methods: This is a retrospective analysis of 48 children who received a total of 120 granulocyte transfusions following mobilization with colony-stimulating growth factor (G-CSF) and dexamethasone. Results: Favorable response was seen in 41.6% of the children without any major adverse effects in donor or recipient. Conclusion and clinical significance: Granulocyte transfusions hence may be a useful adjunct to antimicrobials and growth factors in neutropenic sepsis refractory to conventional antimicrobials.

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REVIEW ARTICLE

Rema Nagpal

Role of Point-of-care Ultrasound Imaging in Neonatal Sepsis

[Year:2020] [Month:July-September] [Volume:2] [Number:3] [Pages:10] [Pages No:89 - 98]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10081-1249  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Neonatal sepsis remains a very common cause of morbidity and mortality. Point-of-care ultrasound imaging is a useful tool to determine the site of infection, the progress of sepsis, and prognosis/outcomes of septic neonates. The organ system imaging that is useful includes cardiac ultrasound for delineation of the hemodynamics, cranial imaging for changes in meningitis/ventriculitis, lung ultrasound for early detection of effusions and consolidation, and gut imaging for gut perfusion and viability in necrotizing enterocolitis. We describe the role of ultrasound imaging in the early diagnosis and management of neonatal sepsis.

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REVIEW ARTICLE

Ilin Kinimi, Supriya S Shinde, Neha M Rao, Archana Mahalingam

Management of Children with Community-acquired Pneumonia: A Review of Literature

[Year:2020] [Month:July-September] [Volume:2] [Number:3] [Pages:8] [Pages No:99 - 106]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10081-1274  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Community-acquired pneumonia in children is a common infection but can be potentially serious in some, leading to hospitalization in those with severe or complicated pneumonias. Diagnosis can be made with appropriate history and relevant clinical examination. Viral and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections remain the most common cause of CAP in preschool children, whereas Mycoplasma pneumoniae can present more commonly in older children. Treatment with the appropriate antibiotics is crucial, especially with the increasing prevalence of viral and bacterial co-infections as well as emerging antibiotic resistance. Appropriate dosage and duration of antibiotics are determined by the severity or complications involved. In addition, immunization is extremely important for prevention of CAP in children.

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CASE REPORT

Manakkattu Thekke Peedikayil Mohammed, Ravikumar Payora, Kizhakke Veettil Radhamani

Lower Motor Neuron Facial Nerve Palsy in a 4-month-old Infant Associated with Chicken Pox: A Case Report

[Year:2020] [Month:July-September] [Volume:2] [Number:3] [Pages:2] [Pages No:107 - 108]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10081-1253  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background: A rare case of lower motor neuron (LMN) facial palsy in a 4-month-old infant, following chicken pox. Case description: A 4-month-old boy was brought with deviation of angle of mouth to the left side and inability to close the right eye, about 10 days after the onset of varicella rashes. The baby did not have any other problem. LMN facial palsy was diagnosed and treated with acyclovir along with a short course of prednisolone. Follow-up, 8 weeks after starting treatment, showed complete recovery of facial palsy. Message: LMN facial palsy is a rare complication of varicella infection. This is the youngest patient known to us so far.

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Case Files

Balasubramanian Sundaram, Sabapathy L Raj, Sumanth Amperayani, Silky Agrawal

From the Case Records of Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS Trust Hospital: Fever with Vesiculobullous Lesions

[Year:2020] [Month:July-September] [Volume:2] [Number:3] [Pages:5] [Pages No:109 - 113]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10081-1273  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

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Antimicrobials

Review of Amphotericin B for Invasive Fungal Infections in Neonates and Children

[Year:2020] [Month:July-September] [Volume:2] [Number:3] [Pages:4] [Pages No:114 - 117]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10081-1240  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Formulations of amphotericin B have come a long way since it was initially discovered. Studies of antifungals in the pediatric age-group are limited to those for cutaneous fungal infections. There are a few studies on the pharmacokinetics and safety of amphotericin B, and most dosage recommendations are extrapolated from adult data. A review of its use in the treatment of invasive fungal infections in neonates, children, and adolescents is the focus of this article.

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Notes From The Lab

Malavalli V Bhavana

Dengue Tests: What, When, and How?

[Year:2020] [Month:July-September] [Volume:2] [Number:3] [Pages:2] [Pages No:118 - 119]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10081-1276  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

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Immunization Dialogue

Nabaneeta Dash, Winsley Rose

Antenatal TdaP: It's Time India Adapts

[Year:2020] [Month:July-September] [Volume:2] [Number:3] [Pages:2] [Pages No:120 - 121]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10081-1271  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Pertussis in infants can be a severe disease leading to higher morbidity and mortality. Infants are usually protected from the disease by virtue of maternal antipertussis antibodies. Those infants where these protective antibodies are lacking due to nontransfer or low maternal antipertussis antibody are at higher risk of the disease. Herein, we report a series of four infants diagnosed with pertussis, bringing to light the fact that infant pertussis is not so uncommon in India and probably due consideration should be given for universalization of antenatal pertussis vaccine.

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Immunology Corner

What are Autoinflammatory Diseases?

[Year:2020] [Month:July-September] [Volume:2] [Number:3] [Pages:3] [Pages No:122 - 124]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10081-1275  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Autoinflammatory diseases/syndromes are a new group of heterogeneous diseases characterized by “spontaneous onset of inflammation with no evidence of infection, autoimmunity or allergy and occur due to a defect in the innate immune system.” With the advancement of molecular genetics and next-generation sequencing technologies, new diseases are being added to this list every year. In this review, a brief description of a few autoinflammatory diseases would be provided along with a clinical approach. Salient clinical features have been highlighted.

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Journal Watch

What's Making News?

[Year:2020] [Month:July-September] [Volume:2] [Number:3] [Pages:2] [Pages No:125 - 126]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10081-1270  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

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